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Intorduction to Microeconomics
Authors: Olive C. Paraiso, Leonora C. Laraño, and Romeo C. Cuevas
The purpose of this student learning material is to present an understanding of economics as an easy and enjoyable subject This learning material can be an aid to instructors and students because it presents the subject in a manner in which it can be easily understood. It could also prove useful, especially to students as a ready-made lecture notes that could save time spent in note-taking.
Each chapter is discussed and is followed by exercises to check the students' understanding. The series of check-up questions provide students to actively participate in classroom discussions and analyses.
Let this learning material be a guide in learning economics the easier way. This learning material be useful to all those performing in the important task of improving economic understanding and in the appreciation of subject.
Grateful recognition is afforded to our supportive colleague for the untiring motivation with regard to the pursuit of ideals and excellence in extracting ideas and thoughts from both the teaching force and the students.
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Introduction to Philosophy (Gabitan)
Authors: Vincent E. Gabitan, Edilberto B. Costales, Jr.
The aim of education is to develop morally and physical-1j) of the masses; to guide them into a prosperous, intelligent and noble people “
— Dr. Jose Rizal
As it is the wish and willful desire of every human being to attain education, it is the desire as well of the protagonists of this textbook to attain education that is valid and sound. An education that is acceptable not only in this part of the city but as well as nationally and globally.
Apparently, this textbook ventures into learning what is logical and sound education. This provides not only knowledge, for knowledge can easily be obsolete because of the rapid changes of the waves of time brought by the fast pace of scientific investigation and experimentation, and the constant evolution of technological gadgets, but also critical thinking skills that enable the students to understand recent information or knowledge, so that they will be able to cope with the trend of this era which is clarifying that if one is not aware of what is valid and invalid reasoning, his beliefs and principles will easily be manipulated.
This likewise optimistically facilitates the students in acquiring basic skills in reasoning, communication, and appreciation of the various disciplines in philosophy; and lastly, this subject facilitates students to think the way a Filipino thinks. Thus, they will be able to develop a sense of nationalism and patriotism.
All the above goals are indeed under the umbrella of philosophy. Thus, this subject provides an introduction to philosophy with ample emphasis on the basic concepts in Logic.
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Introduction to Pscyhology(Bataga)
Authors: Noemi U. Bataga, Donnabelle, A. Castro, Charmaine Grace L. Abregana
Contributor: Saidamin P. Bagolong
The purpose of this textbook is to serve as an introductory course in Psychology. The book contains eleven chapters covering the basics of Psychology. In addition, this is designed to facilitate the integral development of students for them to understand concepts on human development, behavior, emotion and motivation as well as the salient features of intelligence and personality thereby realizing the fullness of individuals.
Even though this is an introductory textbook, we see to it that the students will learn to appreciate how Psychology can help them to see themselves as members of the community.
This is not just a compilation of concepts and theories but also constitutes a field that can make a difference in your life, in your communities and in our world.
This textbook could not have been written without help from many people whose ideas we have borrowed, modified and incorporated. To them we are especially indebted.
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Introduction to Sociology (UM)
Authors: Saidamin P. Bagolong, Maribeth Q. Galindo, Jackson A. Sison, Deanna Febra C. Rodinas
The purpose of this textbook is to serve as reference for an introductory course in Sociology. The inclusion of family planning and other social issues provides background knowledge for an understanding of these, and other contemporary conditions.
The book is likewise designed to facilitate the integral development of students for them to effect changes in the self as well as the environment thereby realizing the fullness of human life.
Even though this is an introductory textbook, we have deliberately retained many of the salient features of sociology as a young discipline. This is the reason why we incorporated many social issues to stimulate students’ curiosity about learning society, culture, family planning, gender, environment and eve indigenous people.
This textbook could not have been written without help from many people whose ideas we have borrowed, modified and incorporated. To them we are deeply indebted.
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Jose Rizal (Castañeda) 2013
Authors: Sherwin Prose C. Castañeda, Petra S. Ornos, Vivian O. San Felife, Luvismin S. Aves, Janry B. Colonia, Hazel D. Cao, Loida D. Zaide
This book is primarily intended for an undergraduate study of the life, works, and writings of our Great National Hero Di Jose Rizal. It must be remembered that, under the provisions of Republic Act. No, 1425, otherwise known as the Rizal Law, students in whatever coarse they pursue are required to undergo a study of the life, works, and writings of Dr. Jose Rizal.
The life and ideals of Rizal have served as inspiration not only to Filipinos but also to all freedom loving people throughout the world. We trust that this publication will broaden our understanding on the exemplary life and timeless ideals of Rizal.
In the completion of this book, the authors would like to thank Atty. Christopher Lycurgus Morania and Lorraine C. Castañeda of Bantog and Andaya Law Offices. Acknowledgement are likewise extended to the authors' respective families for their help and inspiration in making this book.
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Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas
May akda: Eric C. Claudio, Teodora Luz Soto Mangahas
Ang pag-aaral ng kasaysayan ay hindi kalugod-lugod sa karamihan ng mag-aaral na kumukuha ng asignaturang ito. Subalit sila ay kinakailangang kuhanin ito upang ipasa at tapusin ang kanilang kurso. Sa dahilang ito, ang mga may akda ng aklat na ito ay pinilit at pinagsikapang talakayin ang kasaysayan ng Pilipinas sa pinakamadali at kalugod-lugod na pamamaraan.
Ang pagiging Pilipino ay hindi lamang ang pagsilang at pamumuhay sa Pilipinas bagkus ito ay ang pagkakaalam ng kanyang pinagmulan at tuloy ang kanyang patutunguhan. Kung ang bawat Pilipino ay clam ang kanyang kasaysayan, marahil ay ni sa guni-guni ay hindi niya nanaisin na ito ay talikuran at talikdan. Mayaman ang kasaysayan ng Pilipinas sa mga magaganda at kaakit-akit na gunita, ito ay parang terra ng pelikula na bumangon sa kanyang pagkakalugmok upang durugin ang kanyang mang-aapi at tuluyang tumayo sa kanyang sariling mga paa.
Ang kasaysayan ng isang bansa ay kapupulutan ng maraming anal at kaalaman na maaaring gawing batayan ng mga susunod na henerasyon. Ito ay magsisilbing pamantayan at lakas ng boob upang ipagpatuloy ang buhay na nasimulan kahit na sa kanyang tingin ay may mga balakid na nagtutulak sa kanyang maging tuliro sa kanyang pagkatao bilang mamamayan rig kanyang bansa.
Sa ating pag-aaral ng kasaysayan, matutuklasan nating lahat – lahat ng bansa gaano man kaunlad ay may pinagmulang kahirapan at kabiguan at gaano man kalakas ay may kagustuhang maging malaya o patuloy na maging malaya. Ang Pilipinas ay hindi kaiba sa lahat ng bansa, dumaan ito sa ib'at ibang pagsubok ng panahon tulad ng mga rebolusyong madugo at pati na rin ang mapayapa. Mababatid na ang Pilipinas ay may kasaysayang binigyang kulay at bahid ng iba't ibang bansa sa kanluran at silangan na sumakop at nag impluwensiya dito. Bagamat ang mga bansang ito ay nagbigay ng bagong kabihasnan sa ating bansa subalit hindi nangangahulugang tayo ay wala pang kabihasnan bago pa man dumating ang mga mananakop.
Sa boob ng mahabang panahon, ang Republika ng Pilipinas ay nagkaroon ng labing apat na pangulo at sa bawat pamumuno ng mga ito ay masisilayan ang pagkabigo at pagtatagumpay ng kanilang mga hakbangin upang itaguyod at paunlarin ang ating bansa. Sa boob ng mga panahong ito ay matutunghayan natin ang pagbulusok at pagbangon ng ating bansa. Magugunita ang panahon ng diktadura ni Pangulong Ferdinand E. Marcos na halos dalawampu't dalawang taon subalit tinapos lamang sa boob ng apat na araw ng isang mapayapang rebolusyon. Dagdag pa dito, ang pamumuno ni Pangulong Joseph E. Estrada na
diumano'y punong-puno ng katiwalian.
Sa ilalim ng Pangulong Gloria Macapagal Arroyo na siyang pumalit kay Estrada ay patuloy ang mga hamon sa ating bansa. Patuloy ang paglaban, pagsisikap at patuloy ang paggawa ng kasaysayan ng Pilipinas.
Isang panaginip na sandy lahat ng Pilipino scan mang panig ng mundo ay magkaroon ng kaalaman at interes sa kasaysayan ng kanyang bansa sapagkat dito lamang nya malalaman ang kanyang patutunguhan at tuloy maiwasan ang mga pagkakamali ng kanyang mga ninuno. Masarap ihatid sa susunod na henerasyon na ang kasalukuyang Pilipino kagaya mo at ako ay ginawa ang dapat gawin upang mahalin ang ating bansa sapagkat tayo ay may magagawa ngayon at ito ay ating gagawin.
Ang pag-unlad ng isang bansa ay nakasalalay sa pagkakaalam niya ng kanyang kasaysayan. Ayon nga sa ating pambansang bayaning si Dr. Jose Rizal, “Ang Pilipinas ay hindi maunlad kaya ang mga Pilipino ay tinatamad”. Samakatuwid, kung ang Pilipinas ay maunlad, ang mga Pilipino ay magkakaroon ng pagkakataon upang ipakita ang kanilang buong talento para dito.
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Logic A foundation of Critical Thinking
Authors: Jensen DG. Mañebog, Jeremias F. Buraga, Rafael Y. Paragas, Ma. Rubeth R. Hipolito
BECAUSE THINKING CORRECTLY is an integral part of who we are as human beings, the idea of helping people develop their reasoning ability involves expanding who they are as rational beings. This is one of the many reasons teaching a course in Logic and Critical Thinking is perpetually exciting and gratifying.
Teaching students the subject Logic is equipping them with useful intellectual tools which also refine their viewpoint from which they view the world. As Logic also calls for the need to evaluate and persistently reassess one's concepts and even values, this academic discipline, in effect, aptly guides people in making wise decisions in life. Moreover, clear understanding of many things oftentimes leads to properly looking at the world and life itself. The dictum thus resounds: Logic, as is the case with other branches of Philosophy, may not teach us how to make a living, but it could teach us that life is worth living.
This book in Logic is written to serve as a comprehensive introduction to reasoning and Critical Thinking. It humbly aims to help the readers develop thinking abilities needed for academic study and career success as it fosters relatively advanced intellectual and language abilities.
Features of this Book
This book possesses various features that make it an effective tool for both instructor and students. This book is
- Logically Arranged. It begins with the basic things about Logic and Critical Thinking and then sequentially progresses to more sophisticated thinking—the critical evaluation of terms, propositions, and arguments, respectively.
- Written in Module Form. Each lecture comes with other important elements like objectives, discussions, activities, self-tests, and the like which make each module a holistic learning package.
- A Simplified Easy-to-Read Logic Book. Though simplifying Philosophy lectures is experientially easier said than done mission, this book nonetheless endeavores for this objective as it also contains other attributes that make the lectures reader-friendly. Whenever appropriate, sections are written in conversational tone using the `you' and 'we' pronouns as if talking to the readers. Furthermore, sensible and easy-to-understand examples are carefully chosen for each topic.
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Logic The Basics of Correct Reasoning 2013 Edition
Authors: Rosendo S. Gualdo, Dennis M. Placido, Charlie M. Dagwasi
The human person is a rational being whose progress and survival depends to a large extent on his/her reasoning powers. It is imperative therefore that he/she hones this to the utmost extent in order to survive and prosper. His/her life, private or public, professional or personal, individual or social depends on his/her reasoning ability. Thus, there is a need for logic in his/her life both for personal and national development.
This Logic book discusses classical and modern logic to develop critical thinking among the students. It introduces students to the foundational concepts and theories of logic as applied to argumentation and debate and its significance to philosophical endeavor. It provides insights and understanding of the classical and symbolic logic.
Students are expected to engage in reflective and critical practice of making correct and valid reasoning which can serve as a good foundation to argumentation and debate and towards understanding human life. Finally, students are to think critically and form judgment on recurrent phenomena towards national development, appreciate making correct inferences from statements or premises conducive for holistic development; acquire correct thinking as manifested in his daily life activities; to modify clear ideas and express these in correct and proper terms for better community relations; to verify deceptive and erroneous reasoning for peace and unity; and to confidently engage in honest and respectable exchange of ideas; whether in formal setting (e.g. debate) or in ordinary day-to-day discourses by guiding him/her in making valid inferences and in establishing the truth of his/her conclusions and claims by way of correct reasoning.
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Logic The Basics of Correct Thinking
Authors: Vicente S. Carbon, Winston B. Gallinero, Glenn G. Pajares
There are many literatures concerning Logic that present the basics of correct thinking such as simple apprehension, understanding terms and concepts, judgments and propositions, the kinds of inference, and the kinds of fallacies. However, only a few books provide an overview of philosophy vis-à-vis logic, and the relevance of Logic to other disciplines and in our day-to-day living.
This book provides the readers with an overview of philosophy in relation to Logic and the relevance of Logic to other disciplines such as the rigorous and the social sciences, and most importantly in our day-to-day living.
One of the unique features of this book is that in discussing the significance of Logic, the different schools of thought such as Platonic, Materialism, Aristotelian and Oriental are given overviews. The overviews are supplemented with Euler diagrams and a combination of Euler and Venn diagrams so that the readers will have vivid pictures of the schools of thought through symbols.
Another unique feature of this book is that it presents and clarifies in Module I the basic laws and principles governing correct thinking. This is very important because at the outset of the study of correct thinking, the readers are already aware of and will be guided by the foundational norms of classical logic.
The basic laws and principles governing correct thinking like the basic law on the truth of the antecedent and its consequent and the basic principles like the principle of identity and the principle of contradiction, among others, are further clarified in Module Ill concerning judgments and propositions. Moreover, these laws and principles are applied intensively in Module V concerning immediate inference and in Module VI which deals with mediate inference. Euler diagrams and Venn diagrams are also presented to supplement and clarify further the illustrative examples of the inferences.
But the most unique feature of this book is its constructive critique of the errors of some popular authors of Logic book by presenting and rectifying the errors such as the erroneous use of Venn diagrams which is dealt with in Module V, the erroneous classification of some fallacies into fallacies not of language or non-linguistic fallacies which is dealt with in Module VII.
Through the unique features of this book with emphasis to the last one, the authors fervently hope that the readers may realize also some insights like to simplify complex concepts and principles is far different from a simplistic discussion, having a broad and open mind is far better than having a myopic and close mind, and to detect an error is good but to constructively rectify it is better.
Enjoy reading and learning!
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Mastering College Algebra Through Drills
Authors: Leo L. Lactuan, Imelda R. Lactuan, Lerna L. Ayco, Juliana B. Arquero, Marichu G. Mozo, Mary Jane A. Bundac, Siote I. Wy
Algebra is believed to be the queen of Mathematics. It encompasses all the other fields of Mathematics. One specific subject is College Algebra which is a basic subject in Mathematics for college freshmen under the umbrella of General Education required subjects. The rich experiences of mathematics mentors find many students to be math lovers but a voluminous number are anxious about the topics covered in the said subject or related subjects.
The ultimate goal of the authors is to pave the way for optimism in facing the challenges of teaching or learning mathematics topics, particularly in College Algebra. Hopefully, the prepared roster of objectives, presentations of concepts/rules/ properties/theorems and examples, required answers to drills (both algorithmic and practical applications), and the chapter tests are alleys to attain the goals/objectives of this book that are made easy and convenient for both the teachers and the students_
The book is likewise designed to be preparatory to Advanced Algebra as it includes topics that are arranged in hierarchy of necessity/importance. Hence, may the wish be realized_The authors would like to express their profound gratitude to the authors of their references, the PSU and WPC administrations, with able leadership of Dr. Deter S. Sespeñe and Dr. Elsa P. Manarpaac, respectively.
The same amount of gratitude is extended to authors' students, Ma'am Bot Corpuz, Mutya Publishing House, Inc. through Mr. Arnel Tedranes, Ms. Luisa Temblique and Ms. Nerissa Gabelo and mare importantly their families, who serve as their inspirations.Above everything the authors are indebted to the Omnipotent God, the source of their strength, knowledge, wisdom and everything.